&#;「地域主権」とは
「自立」と「共生」の友愛精神を地域に当てはめると、地域主権という発想に至ります。そこで、私は新政権の「一丁目一番地」に地域主権を掲げました。
国と地域が上下関係にあるような現在の制度は、地方の国への依存心を高め、住民の自治意識を形骸化させてきました。そして、補助金行政は、政治腐敗と無駄な公共事業の温床となり、国と地方の財政赤字を拡大させる原因となりました。
国の役割と地域を分担し、地域の判断で実行できる仕組みをつくる
権限を持った基礎的自治体の確立
私は「補完性の原理」、即ち、問題は出来るだけ身近なところで解決されなければならない、という基本的な原理で、国と地方の関係を抜本的に改革するべきと考えます。基礎自治体で出来ることはすべて基礎自治体で行う。基礎自治体で出来ないことのみ、国が行うという発想です。
したがって、国の役割は限定されます。天皇・皇室、外交・安全保障、国の財政・金融、司法・民事・刑事などに係わること、及び全国的な基準が必要となる事項に国の権限を限定します。そして、それ以外の生活に密着したさまざまな権限と必要な財源を地域に移譲します。身近な基礎自治体に権限と財源を移譲して、サービスと負担の関係を住民に見えやすいものとすることによって、初めて地方の自主性、自己責任が生まれると思います。結果として、無駄遣いをなくしながら、地域の活力を生み出すことが出来るようになるのです。国としてもその本来の役割である外交、安全保障、マクロ経済政策などの分野で、国際環境の中で、より迅速に意思決定を行うことが出来るようになるのです。
&#;「新しい公共」とは
新しい公共とは、支えあいと活気のある社会を作るためのさまざまな当事者たちの「協働の場」です。
年1月17日に発生した阪神淡路大震災。
6千人以上もの命が失われた大きな悲劇でしたが、行政も被災し企業や商店の活動が止まった地震直後の被災地で、人々の生活を支えたのは、被災者たち自身が自発的に作った即席の共同体、NGO/NPO、全国から集まったボランティアが作った「協働の場」でした。万人以上も集まった被災地の支援者たちも、自分がいることで人の役に立ち、被災地からの感謝が自分の歓びとなり活力ともなったのです。
人は支えあうことで共に生きてゆけるのです。「居場所」と「出番」。それが「新しい公共」の原点です。
今失われつつある「公共」を現代にふさわしい形で作りなおす。
日本の目指す新しい公共
「新しい公共」とはけっして新しい概念ではありません。そもそも、日本に古来からさまざまな形で「支えあいと活気のある社会」を作るための知恵と社会技術がありました。公共はけっして官だけが担うものではなく、例えば教育制度
Yukio Hatoyama, Ph.D.
Yukio Hatoyama, Ph.D., was Prime Minister of Japan from to He served in the Japanese House of Representatives for more than 25 years and co-founded with his brother the Democratic Party of Japan in , serving as its chair and secretary-general until he led it to victory in the elections.
Dr. Hatoyama comes from a very prominent Japanese family that includes four generations of leading politicians and educators. His great-grandfather was speaker of the House of Representatives in the Imperial Diet in the s and the president of Waseda University, and his great-grandmother founded Kiyoritsu Women’s University. His paternal grandfather founded both the Democratic Party and the Liberal Democratic Party, and served as Prime Minister of Japan in – His maternal grandfather founded Bridgestone Corporation, the global tire manufacturer. His father was Japan’s foreign minister, and his brother was Japan’s minister of internal affairs and communication.
Dr. Hatoyama’s long list of accomplishments as Prime Minister include significant reductions of wasteful government spending and advances and increased funding to improve education, family life, healthcare, and housi
Yukio Hatoyama
Yukio Hatoyama (鳩山由紀夫 Hatoyama Yukio, born 11th February ) was the Prime Minister of Japan from September to June He became president of the governing Democratic Party of Japan (DPJ) in May , stepping down as he relinquished his role as prime minister. Under his leadership, the party won a landslide victory in the lower houseparliamentaryelections in August , ousting the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) after 55 years of near-uninterrupted rule. Hatoyama formed a coalition government dominated by his own party, which had also become the largest group in the upper house of the Diet (Japanese parliament); however, following the departure of a coalition partner over the location of a U.S. Military base in Okinawa, as well as criticism of his leadership since taking office, Hatoyama signalled his intention to resign on 2nd June, paving for the way for the election of a new prime minister on 4th June
Political and academic career
Hatoyama gained a Ph.D in engineering from Stanford University and later worked as a university lecturer before entering politics. He was a founder member of a minority party in the short-lived coalition of which briefly took office
Hatoyama, Yukio
, –, Japanese politician, grad. Tokyo Univ. (B.S., ), Stanford (Ph.D, ). Though his grandfather was Prime Minister Ichiro Hatoyama and his father was foreign minister, he trained as an engineer and did not run for office until , when he was first elected to the Diet. In he left the Liberal Democratic party (LDP), which his grandfather had cofounded, and served in a secondary cabinet post (–94) in a short-lived coalition government. Hatoyama cofounded the Democratic party of Japan (DPJ) in , and later served as DPJ leader (–, –10). In , after the party's landslide win over the LDP, he became prime minister. He resigned as prime minister and DPJ leader in mid after he agreed, despite campaign promises to the contrary, to continue to permit the basing of U.S. forces on Okinawa. Naoto Kan succeeded him in both posts; Hatoyama retired from politics in
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