Oliver Cromwell ( &#; ) is a contentious figure in British history. Some see him as a defender of Parliamentary democracy fighting a tyrannical King. It is argued his defence of Parliament led to the development of a modern democracy. However, others see him in a different light, pointing to his seizure of power as the &#;Lord Protectorate&#; and the massacres of the Irish and Scots which were a form of genocide. He has also been criticised for his rigid puritanism, although in his reign Jews were permitted to re-enter Britain and there was a certain religious tolerance.
Oliver Cromwell was born in Cambridgeshire the son of a middle-class gentry. He studied at Cambridge University and in was elected to parliament for the Huntingdon seat. On the outbreak of civil war in , Cromwell joined the side of the Parliamentarians. He started off by commanding a small troop, but, ended up commanding the whole Roundhead army.
&#;We study the glory of God, and the honour and liberty of parliament, for which we unanimously fight, without seeking our own interests&#; I profess I could never satisfy myself on the justness of this war, but from the authority of the parliament to maintain it
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Oliver Cromwell, the son of Robert Cromwell and Elizabeth Steward Cromwell, was born in Huntingdon on 25th April Oliver's great-grandfather, Morgan Williams, a Welshman who had settled in Putney as an innkeeper and brewer, had the good fortune to marry Katherine, the sister of Thomas Cromwell, before he was employed as chief minister by Henry VIII. (1)
During the Dissolution of the Monasteries, Morgan and his son, Richard, received enough confiscated church lands to become one of the most prominent families in Huntingdonshire. This included three abbeys, two priories and a nunnery, that was worth about £2, a year. In gratitude, Richard changed the family name to Cromwell.
By the time Oliver was born, Robert Cromwell's older brother, Sir Oliver Cromwell owned a large but debt-laden estate. Robert in contrast inherited a modest cluster of urban properties in and around the town and had an income of around £ per annum and a seven-room town house. However, he had considerable social status and had represented Huntington in the parliament of (2)
Oliver attended Huntington Grammar School. Dr Thomas Beard was not only the schoolmaster but the rec
Oliver Cromwell
Oliver Cromwell ( &#; ), Lord Protector of England
Oliver Cromwell, Lord Protector of England, was executed on 30th January &#; two and half years AFTER his death&#;
Early life
Oliver Cromwell was born in Huntingdon, a small town near Cambridge, on 25 April to Robert Cromwell and his wife Elizabeth, daughter of William Steward.
Although not a direct descendent of Henry VIII’s chief minister Thomas Cromwell (who was famously promoted to the earldom of Essex but later executed in when he fell from the King’s favour), Oliver Cromwell’s great-great-grandfather, Morgan Williams, married Thomas’ sister Katherine in
It was Morgan and Katherine’s three sons who took the surname Cromwell in honour of their famous maternal uncle. This practice was repeated by many of their descendants, who also occasionally used the surname Williams-alias-Cromwell. (In contrast, in the wake of the Restoration some members of the family reverted to the surname Williams temporarily to distance themselves from any links to Oliver Cromwell. )
Morgan Williams and Katherine Cromwell’s eldest son Richard had two sons, Henry and Francis, both of whom also used the surname Cromwell. Like
Oliver Cromwell
Cromwell, Oliver, Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England, was born at Huntingdon, of an ancient and respectable family, 25th April
With the purpose of bringing Ireland under the power of the Parliament, Cromwell was, early in , appointed Lord-Lieutenant, and left London for his command on 10th July.
We are told that “he went forth in that state and equipage as the like hath hardly been seen; himself in a coach, with six gallant Flanders mares, whitish gray, divers coaches accompanying him, and very many great officers of the army. His life-guard, consisting of eighty gallant men, the meanest whereof a commander or esquire, in stately habit, with trumpets sounding, almost to the shaking of Charing-cross, had it been now standing. Of his life-guard, many are colonels, and, believe me, it’s such a guard as is hardly to be paralleled in the world.”
Four days afterwards he entered Bristol, where he was delayed a fortnight, partly by the unwillingness of some of his soldiers to proceed further—partly by the necessary preparations for the campaign; thence by Tenby and Pembroke, where his forces were increased from the garrison, he m
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